Construction of ships



(No Mod eL) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

s. STUART; CONSTRUCTION OF SHIPS.

392%. 429,289. Patented Jun 3, 1 90.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 S. STUART.

CONSTRUCTION OF SHIPS.

No. 429,289. Patented June 3, 1890.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SINCLAIR STUART, OF PLAINFIELD, NE\V JERSEY.

CONSTRUCTION OF SHIPS.

SPECIFIOATION forming part of Letters Fatent No. 429,289, dated June 3, 1890.

Application filed November 5, 1889.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, SINCLAIR STUART, of Plainfield, in the county of Union and State of New Jersey, have invented a new and useful Improvement in the Construction of Ships and other Vessels, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the ac companying drawings.

This invention relates to vessels constructed entirely of iron or of steel, and to what are known as composite vessels, constructed partly of iron and partly of steel or partly of iron or steel and partly of wood.

Its object is to build such vessels of great strength, and'to provide for the distribution of the strength of the different parts according to the requirements, at a reduced cost both of material and labor.

One feature of my improvement consists in the construction of such vessels with compound frames, which constitute both a main frame and a reverse frame, the upper parts of said frames down to apoint at or near the upper turn of the bilge being of channel-iron, but the said frames being continued from that point through the bottom of the vessel in the form of angle-iron.-

Another feature of my improvement consists in the combination of the floor-plates with the said frames, as hereinafter described.

Another feature consists in the novel construction of the keelsons and mode of combining them with the frames of the vessel, and the improvement further consists in certain details hereinafter described and claimed.

Figures 1 and 2 represent each atransverse section of part of one side of the bottom of the vessel, and illustrate two examples of my invention differing only slightly in detail. Fig. 1 represents a horizontal section of the side portion of the frame shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 1 represents a transverse vertical section of the frame in the lineaxocof Fig. 1. Fig.2represents a horizontal section of the side portion of the frame shown in Fig. 2'." Fig. 2 represents a transverse vertical section in the line w m of Fig. 2. Fig. 3 represents avertical sectional view of a portion of the side of the vessel, illustrating that part of my improvement which relates to the keelsons. Fig.4 is aface Serial No. 329,383. (No model.)

view of a portion of the inside of the vessel corresponding with Fig. 7. Fig. 5 represents a horizontal section corresponding with Fig.8.

Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all the figures.

I will first describe Figs. 1 and l, which illustrate the simplest form of my compound frame. The frame in this case is made of channel-iron a, of the form represented in the section Fig. 1, and this form is preserved from the point a at or near the bilge, up to the top of the frame, or as high as may be necessary; but below this point the web of the channel-iron is slit midway between these flanges to produce two angle-irons b c, of which I) constitutes the lower part of the main frame, and c constitutes the lower part of the reverse frame, the said parts I) and 0 being separated, as shown in Fig; 1 and in dotted outline in Fig. 1, as far as necessary to produce the main and reverse frames of proper form. The main and reverse frames 1) and 0, thus produced, are exactly opposite each other. The floor-plates d of the vessel are riveted to the separated angle-irons b and c on corresponding sides thereof, as shown at e in Figs. 1 and 1 and are continued up Ward beyond the point a where the sllt of the channel-iron a begins, and are riveted, as shown at f, to the said intact or undivided part of the channeliron, thereby strengthening the frame at, above, and below the point where the division of the channel-iron to form the main and reverse frames commences.

The example of my invention illustrated n Figs. 2, 2 and 2? differs from that shown in Figs. 1, 1, and 1 in the substitution of a double channel-,iron-such as is shown in Fig. 2, sometimes known as H-iron-for a single channel-iron. (Shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3.) In this example the slit and divided part of the iron forms two double angle-irons-that is to say, angle-irons of T-shaped section-which are exactly opposite each other, as will be readily understood by reference to Fig. 2 The floor-plates cl areriveted to the channel-iron and to the divided angle-irons formed there from in the same way as in the first-described example.

That feature of my improvement whic". re- I00 lates to the keelsons, and which is illustrated in Figs. 8 and 9, is applicable to all the keelsons throughout the vessel.

A designates the keelsons,whieh are represented as made of bulb T-iron, but will always be made with a flange or flanges, as shown at 'L', which set against the frames (1. These keelsons are composed of stringers of suitable length, and where they come together the-yare clamped between butt-straps j,\vhieh are made of angle-iron and which must be of a length at least sufficient to reach over the space between two frames and overlap the said frames, as shown in Figs. 8 and 9. These butt-strapsj are riveted, as shown at 71;, to the frames to, andalso through the keelsonstringers A, as shown at 1. Some of the rivets 7a may also pass through the flanges t' of the stringers. The stringers are further secured to the frames a by means of angle-iron clips m. (See Figs 8 and 9.) These clips are riveted to the flanges 'L' of the stringers, as shown at n in Figs. 8 and 9, and also riveted to the frames further secured both to the frames and the keelsons by means of elipsavhich are riveted both to the frames and to the keelsons. Thus great strength is given to the vessel at the points where the stringers of the lceelsons meet. hen the butt-straps are double, as

shown, they are also riveted together by the same rivets Z which secure them to the keel- SODS.

hat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a ship or other vessel, a compound frame constituting both a main frame and a reverse frame and constructed of channeliron the channel of which is undivided in the part of the frame at the sides of the vessel, but is slit from a point at or near the turn of the bilge of the vessel to form two angle-irons, one of which constitutes the lower part of the main frame and the other of which constitutes the lower part of the reverse frame opposite said lower part of the main frame, substantially as herein described.

2. The combination, in a ship or other Vessel, of a compound main and reverse frame the upper part of which is of channel-iron and the lower part of which is divided in the form of two opposite angle-irons, and a floor-plate riveted to both of said an gle-irons on corresponding sides thereof, and also riveted to the channel-iron above the division of the angleirons, substantially as herein described.

The combination, with the frame of a vessel, of flanged keelsons, angle-iron buttstrapsj, riveted both to the frames and keelsons, and angle-ir0n clips m, arranged transversely to the butt-straps and riveted to the frames and the butt-straps and to the flanges of the keelsons, substantially as herein set forth.

SINCLAIR STUART.

lVitnesses:

FREDK. HAYNES, L. M. EGBERT. 

